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Traditional IRA worksheet

Grades 9–11

Solve each problem and show your work. Round answers to 2 decimal places where needed.

  1. Problem 1.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived with spouse during the year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $90,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $90,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 42 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 50 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $6,750
    • Your tax rate now: 16%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 14%
    • Yearly investment return: 7%

    Find: After-tax value at age 50

  2. Problem 2.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing jointly or qualifying surviving spouse
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $100,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $68,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 34 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 55 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $9,000
    • Your tax rate now: 26%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 20%
    • Yearly investment return: 6%

    Find: After-tax value at age 55

  3. Problem 3.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived apart all year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $107,500
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $90,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 26 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 65 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $8,000
    • Your tax rate now: 20%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 14%
    • Yearly investment return: 4%

    Find: After-tax value at age 65

  4. Problem 4.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived with spouse during the year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $77,500
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $80,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 40 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 60 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $7,000
    • Your tax rate now: 25%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 13%
    • Yearly investment return: 9%

    Find: After-tax value at age 60

  5. Problem 5.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived with spouse during the year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $80,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $80,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 24 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 64 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $9,000
    • Your tax rate now: 22%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 19%
    • Yearly investment return: 7%

    Find: After-tax value at age 64

  6. Problem 6.
    • Filing status (2026): Head of household
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $100,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $70,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 39 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 55 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $6,750
    • Your tax rate now: 19%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 14%
    • Yearly investment return: 6%

    Find: After-tax value at age 55

  7. Problem 7.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived apart all year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $70,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $90,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 34 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 50 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $6,500
    • Your tax rate now: 12%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 18%
    • Yearly investment return: 7%

    Find: After-tax value at age 50

  8. Problem 8.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived apart all year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $80,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $60,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 28 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 80 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $6,800
    • Your tax rate now: 24%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 15%
    • Yearly investment return: 9%

    Find: After-tax value at age 80

  9. Problem 9.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing jointly or qualifying surviving spouse
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $78,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $90,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 28 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 50 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $9,200
    • Your tax rate now: 22%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 16%
    • Yearly investment return: 7%

    Find: After-tax value at age 50

  10. Problem 10.
    • Filing status (2026): Married filing separately, lived with spouse during the year
    • I'm covered by a retirement plan at work, such as a 401(k): Yes
    • My spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work: No
    • Modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): $100,000
    • Taxable compensation (pay from work): $80,000
    • Your age at the end of 2026: 44 years
    • Age you plan to retire: 65 years
    • Traditional IRA balance today: $0
    • Planned yearly contribution: $6,000
    • Your tax rate now: 20%
    • Expected tax rate in retirement: 10%
    • Yearly investment return: 7%

    Find: After-tax value at age 65

Answer key: Traditional IRA worksheet

  1. 1. After-tax value at age 50: $67,118.15

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $10,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×16%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.07)+$6,750.00=$6,750.00
    6. Repeat that for 8 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 50=$69,253.67
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $69,253.67−$54,000.00=$15,253.67
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 14% rate, this is the tax

      $15,253.67×14%=$2,135.51
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $69,253.67−$2,135.51=$67,118.15
  2. 2. After-tax value at age 55: $244,917.00

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income (MAGI) is at or below $129,000.00, where the phase-out starts, so the full amount is deductible

      deductible limit=$7,500.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$7,500.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $7,500.00×26%=$1,950.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.06)+$7,500.00=$7,500.00
    6. Repeat that for 21 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 55=$306,146.25
    7. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 20% rate, this is the tax

      $306,146.25×20%=$61,229.25
    8. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $306,146.25−$61,229.25=$244,917.00
  3. 3. After-tax value at age 65: $633,749.16

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $91,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×20%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.04)+$7,500.00=$7,500.00
    6. Repeat that for 39 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 65=$688,080.42
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $688,080.42−$300,000.00=$388,080.42
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 14% rate, this is the tax

      $388,080.42×14%=$54,331.26
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $688,080.42−$54,331.26=$633,749.16
  4. 4. After-tax value at age 60: $329,765.13

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $10,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×25%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.09)+$7,000.00=$7,000.00
    6. Repeat that for 20 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 60=$358,120.84
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $358,120.84−$140,000.00=$218,120.84
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 13% rate, this is the tax

      $218,120.84×13%=$28,355.71
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $358,120.84−$28,355.71=$329,765.13
  5. 5. After-tax value at age 64: $1,292,801.79

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $10,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×22%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.07)+$7,500.00=$7,500.00
    6. Repeat that for 40 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 64=$1,522,068.88
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $1,522,068.88−$315,400.00=$1,206,668.88
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 19% rate, this is the tax

      $1,206,668.88×19%=$229,267.09
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $1,522,068.88−$229,267.09=$1,292,801.79
  6. 6. After-tax value at age 55: $164,149.03

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $91,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×19%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.06)+$6,750.00=$6,750.00
    6. Repeat that for 16 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 55=$173,289.56
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $173,289.56−$108,000.00=$65,289.56
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 14% rate, this is the tax

      $65,289.56×14%=$9,140.54
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $173,289.56−$9,140.54=$164,149.03
  7. 7. After-tax value at age 50: $148,643.33

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income (MAGI) is at or below $81,000.00, where the phase-out starts, so the full amount is deductible

      deductible limit=$7,500.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$6,500.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $6,500.00×12%=$780.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.07)+$6,500.00=$6,500.00
    6. Repeat that for 16 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 50=$181,272.35
    7. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 18% rate, this is the tax

      $181,272.35×18%=$32,629.02
    8. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $181,272.35−$32,629.02=$148,643.33
  8. 8. After-tax value at age 80: $5,609,436.67

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income (MAGI) is at or below $81,000.00, where the phase-out starts, so the full amount is deductible

      deductible limit=$7,500.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$6,800.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $6,800.00×24%=$1,632.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.09)+$6,800.00=$6,800.00
    6. Repeat that for 52 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 80=$6,599,337.26
    7. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 15% rate, this is the tax

      $6,599,337.26×15%=$989,900.59
    8. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $6,599,337.26−$989,900.59=$5,609,436.67
  9. 9. After-tax value at age 50: $308,736.16

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income (MAGI) is at or below $129,000.00, where the phase-out starts, so the full amount is deductible

      deductible limit=$7,500.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$7,500.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $7,500.00×22%=$1,650.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.07)+$7,500.00=$7,500.00
    6. Repeat that for 22 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 50=$367,543.04
    7. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 16% rate, this is the tax

      $367,543.04×16%=$58,806.89
    8. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $367,543.04−$58,806.89=$308,736.16
  10. 10. After-tax value at age 65: $254,871.95

    1. Start with the 2026 IRA limit for people under 50

      limit=$7,500.00
    2. Your income is at or above $10,000.00, the top of the phase-out range, so none of it is deductible. You can still contribute

      deductible limit=$0.00
    3. This year you put in your planned amount or the limit, whichever is smaller. The deductible part is capped at the deductible limit

      deductible this year=$0.00
    4. The deduction lowers your taxable income, so it saves tax at your current rate

      $0.00×20%=$0.00
    5. Each year the balance earns its return, then that year's contribution is added

      after year 1=$0.00×(1+0.07)+$6,000.00=$6,000.00
    6. Repeat that for 21 years to get the balance when you retire

      IRA at age 65=$269,191.06
    7. Contributions you couldn't deduct were already taxed, so they come back tax-free. Only the rest is taxed

      $269,191.06−$126,000.00=$143,191.06
    8. Withdrawals are taxed as income. At a 10% rate, this is the tax

      $143,191.06×10%=$14,319.11
    9. Subtract that tax to find what the IRA is worth to you after tax

      $269,191.06−$14,319.11=$254,871.95